While I was teaching at the University of the North in Antofagasta in the North of Chile, I had the opportunity to learn about the American companies that have exploited the copper mines in Chile, practically since the beginning of the century. In 1922, Anaconda Copper Mining Company bought mining operations in Chile. The mine […]

These terms have been used interchangeably, especially by communists who see socialism as “ early stage communism”. They are economic philosophies that advocate for public ownership of the means of production, distribution and exchange of goods. The main difference is that under communism, most property and economic resources are owned and controlled by the state (rather than individual citizens); under socialism, […]

After my arrests it was obvious that I could not continue as a professor without having freedom to teach. The sister of my housemate was in favor of the coup and we contacted her to tell her about the situation that was totally unbearable. She said that if we wanted to get a pass to […]

On September 11, 1973, the armed forces overthrew the government. They bombarded the Government Palace and the president died in a controversial way. The military suppressed 40% of the media, the Congress, the Constitution (valid since 1931), and established a stage of siege. First thing they did was to censor the press and arrest and […]

Socialism is defined as the first step toward communism. It is designed to produce a transition between capitalism and Communism. Under socialism, you can still own property. However, industrial production, or the main means of generating wealth, is owned in common and managed by a democratically elected government. This is what started happening in Chile […]

Let me go back to 1969. As part of a Human Relations class I was teaching at one of the branches of the University of Chile in the south of Chile, I took 25 of my students to a hospital. They were Home Economics majors. We were taken into a room where the malnourished children […]